Systemic sclerosis, birth order and parity
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Separate influences of birth order and gravidity/parity on the development of systemic sclerosis.
OBJECTIVE Birth order has been valuable in revealing the role of environmental influences on the risk of developing certain diseases such as allergy and atopy. In addition, pregnancy has profound effects on the immune system such as short-term effects that permit fetal survival as well as longer-term effects that could influence late-onset diseases. In order to better evaluate these influences,...
متن کاملMultiple sclerosis and birth order.
Studies on the birth order of patients with multiple sclerosis have yielded contradictory conclusions. Most of the sets of data, however, have been tested by biased tests. Data that have been submitted to unbiased tests seem to suggest that cases are more likely to occur in early birth ranks. This should be tested on further samples and some comments are offered on how this should be done.
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This paper is the latest in a series initiated in 1999 which investigates childbearing in low fertility countries from a cohort perspective. Principal conclusions: Major changes in childbearing patterns are continuously taking place in almost all countries. Large families with four and more children have all but disappeared. Almost everywhere the two-child family became dominant. Proportions of...
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BACKGROUND Genetic epidemiological studies suggest both genetic and environmental factors have a role in multiple sclerosis (MS). Environmental effects are strongly suggested from geographical gradients, migration data, and discordance rates in twins. In epidemiological studies, risk of MS in offspring of small families and in those with an early birth-order position has been reported and inter...
متن کاملStatistical analysis of clinical and laboratory characteristics of systemic sclerosis
Background: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune connective tissue disease characterized by vasculopathy and excessive collagen deposition in the skin and internal organs. Based on the skin damage we divide the patients into two groups: limited and diffuse SSc. In restricted type, the thickness of the skin is limited in the face and distal parts of the elbows and knees, with less involveme...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases
سال: 2013
ISSN: 1756-1841
DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.12225